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HAWAIIAN

NOTES

Land Zones by Elevation:

 

 

 

Kuahiwi

"Backbone", Mountain

 

Kualono

Peaks and Ridges that form the summit

 

Kua Mauna

Mountainside

 

Kua Hea

The belt where small trees grow

 

Wao, Wao Nahele, Wao Eiwa

Next belt down, where larger trees grow.

 

Wao Maukele

Belt where the largest trees grow

 

Wao Akua

Next belt down, where again the trees are smaller

 

Wao Kanaka; Mau

Here the amau ferns grow, and the land is cultivated.

 

‘Apa‘a

A region likely to be hard, baked, sterile; lower mountain slope

 

‘Ilima

 

 

Pahe‘e

"Slippery"

 

Kula

Plain, Open Country

 

Kahakai

Area bordering the ocean.

     

The Sea

Moana, Kai

General terms for the sea

Sea water

Kai

 

Sea shore

Lihi Kai, ‘Ae Kai

"Edge of the sea": where waves break and spread

 

Pahola, Pahala, Hohola

"Spread": where waves wash over the shore

 

Pu‘eone, Poina Nalu

Where waves break and spread toward land

Near-Shore

Kai Kohola

Where shallow seas come in without rising into breakers

 

Kai Hele Ku

"Sea for wading"

 

Kai ‘au kohana

"Sea for naked bathing"

Where the waves break:

Kai He‘e Nalu

"Surf-riding sea"

 

Kua Nalu

"Back of the wave"

 

Kulana

"Pitch and toss"

 

Kai Kea

"White sea"

Deep Sea:

Moana
Lipo
Lewa

"Ocean"
Deep blue-black color
Deep sea out of sight of land

 

Kai Popolohua mea a Kane

"Dark purple-blue sea of Kane", where the sea is very dark blue

Waves:

Nalu

Waves at the surf line

 

‘Ale, Ni‘au

wind-driven billows, swells

Tides:

Kai holo

"Running Tide" (rising)

 

Kai Nui, Kai Piha

High Tide

 

Kai Moku, Kai Emi

Receeding Tide

 

Kai Malo‘o
Kai Make
Kai ‘A‘aka

"Dry Sea"
"Dead Sea"
"Parched Sea"

     

The Environment:

 

 

Rocks:

Pohaku

 

Lava

'A'a

Stiff, sharp, clinkery lava

 

Pahoehoe

Smooth, "ropey" lava

Tree:

La‘au; Kumu La‘au

 

Leaf:

Lau

 

Fruit:

Hua

 

Wind:

Makani

General term; many winds have personal names.

Hurricane:

Makani Pahili;
Makani Uluulu

Strong-blowing wind;
Tangled or angry, violent wind

Rain:

Ua

General term; many rains have personal names.

Water:

Wai

 

Freshwater Spring:

Puna Wai

 

     

Bird

Manu

General term for birds

Insect

Mea kolo
Holoholona lele

Creeping insect
Flying insect

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