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The Land
Chapter Contents:


 

Areas

Areas
An orientation to the lay of the land at Ha‘ena, and the different ecological zones that comprise the ahupua‘a.

Winds

Winds
Frederick Wichman talks about wind names, their meanings and cultural references.

Rain

Rains
Chipper explains the causes and patterns rainfall at Ha‘ena, and elaborates on the name of the mountain at the back of Limahuli Valley.

Forest

The Forest
Chipper describes the three forest zones that comprise Ha‘ena ahupua‘a. Certain plants of particular importance are discussed, along with plants endemic to the area and others for which Ha‘ena was renown.

Water

Water
Explores the character of the two streams that run in Ha‘ena, and the importance of springs at the base of the cliffs. Samson talks about catching ‘o‘opu, and Mary Kawena Pukui provides proverbs on this freshwater fish.

Planting

Planting
E.S. Craighill Handy talks about agriculture in Ha‘ena as he saw it in the early 1900s, including an usual method for growing taro on rafts. A map of the extensive taro terraces (lo‘i) that existed in the area now designated Ha‘ena State Park.

 

Language
Zones of the land extending down from the mountaintop; topographical features; environmental phenomena; and agricultural lands and crop plants.

 

Sources & Links
Links to related web sites
Bibliography and Sources


  Areas |  Winds |  Rains |  The Forest |  Water |  Planting |  Language |  Sources & Links
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